Pan-Euro-Mediterranean Convention (PEM)
Rules of origin
The Regional Convention on pan-Euro-Mediterranean preferential rules of origin (PEM Convention) was agreed in 2012 in view of establishing common rules of origin and cumulation among 25 PEM Contracting Parties and the EU to facilitate trade and integrate the supply chains within the zone.
The 25 Contracting Parties to the PEM Convention are:
- the EU,
- the EFTA States (Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein),
- the Faroe Islands,
- the participants in the Barcelona Process (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine (This designation shall not be construed as recognition of a State of Palestine and is without prejudice to the individual positions of the Member States on this issue.), Syria, Tunisia and Türkiye),
- the participants in the EU's Stabilisation and Association Process (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Kosovo (This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo Declaration of Independence.),
- the Republic of Moldova,
- Georgia,
- Ukraine.
These rules have been revised. The revised Pan-Euro-Mediterranean (PEM) Convention on preferential rules of origin entered into force on 1 January 2025 (1).
However, to accommodate Contracting Parties that did not complete the necessary ratification process, a transitional period has been established until 31 December 2025. During this period, both the original and revised rules will apply in parallel. This arrangement allows economic operators to continue to choose between the two sets of rules based on their supply chains.From 1 January 2026 onwards, only the revised rules will apply throughout the PEM area.
(1) Note that the revised rules apply between the EU and all the PEM countries except the few PEM countries that didn’t ratify the revised Convention (Morocco, Tunisia, Israel, Algeria, Lebanon, Egypt, Palestine and Jordan).
These revised rules are simplified and modernised rules of origin compared to those included in the 2012 PEM Convention (the product specific rules are more flexible and provisions on cumulation, duty drawback, tolerance and the transport conditions have been relaxed).
For more information on the 2012 PEM Convention and its revision process, visit The pan-Euro-Mediterranean cumulation and the PEM Convention
Select the set of rules you want to apply: