Kereskedelmi rendszer és általános termékbiztonság
Ez az oldal csak az uniós szintű termékkövetelmények tekintetében szolgál referenciadokumentumként. A célországtól függően további követelmények is alkalmazhatók. További részletekért kérjük, látogasson el a Saját Kereskedelmi Asszisztens menüpontra.
Felhívjuk figyelmét, hogy ezen az oldalon az egyes rovatok általános leírása az EU valamennyi hivatalos nyelvén megtalálható. A részletek azonban csak angol nyelven állnak rendelkezésre.
Kereskedelmi rendszer – behozatali engedélyek és dokumentumok
Ez a követelménycsoport számos termékcsaládra vonatkozik, különösen azokra az ágazatokra, amelyek esetében a vámkezeléshez külön okmányokra van szükség.
Mezőgazdasági termékekre vonatkozó behozatali engedély
A kiválasztott termékek behozatalának feltétele, hogy az importáló tagállam illetékes hatósága előzetesen behozatali engedélyt (a továbbiakban: behozatali bizonyítvány) állítson ki.
Latest revision date of the information: 01 January 2025
Imports of the selected product code are subject to the prior issue of an import licence (called import certificate) by the competent authority of the importing Member State, which entitles and obliges the importer to introduce in the European Union (EU) the requested quantities. In order to obtain the licence, the importer shall deposit a security, which is returned once the importation takes place within the established period.
Import licence (import certificate)
Import certificates are issued by the competent authorities of the Member State prior to clearance for free circulation, upon:
- request of the certificate using an application form, drawn up in duplicate ('holder's copy' and 'copy for the issuing authority'), using either the specimen depicted in Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2016/1239 (CELEX 32016R1239) or other sufficient means approved by the responsible authority; plus
- deposit of an adequate security, which amount is set in the Common Organisation of the Market for each agricultural sector. The deposit is returnable once the importer has fulfilled all his/her obligations. No security will be required if it comes to EUR 100 or less, or if the licence is drawn up in the name of an intervention agency.
Certificates can also be issued using computerised systems according to rules laid down by the competent authorities.
The import certificate constitutes both an authorisation and an obligation to import the specified quantity of the products concerned during its period of validity.
If the imported quantity is greater or less by not more than 5% of which is indicated in the certificate, the obligation to import will be considered as fulfilled. The security deposited upon importation shall not be returned if the importer fails to comply with his obligations.
Obligations deriving from certificates are not transferable, though rights can be transferred by their titular holder, during the period of its validity and for the quantities not yet attributed to the certificate.
Exceptions
Licences shall not be required for the purposes of the following operations:
- of a non-commercial nature;
- relating to quantities not exceeding those set out in Annex II Part I to Regulation (EU) 2016/1237 (CELEX 32016R1237), depending on the product;
- returned goods
Legislation
- Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1239 of 18 May 2016 laying down rules for the application of Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the system of import and export licences (OJ L-206 30/07/2016) (CELEX 32016R1239)
- Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1237 of 18 May 2016 supplementing Regulation(EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the rules for applying the system of import and export licences and supplementing Regulation (EU) No 1306/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the rules on the release and forfeit of securities lodged for such licences, amending Commission Regulations (EC) No 2535/2001, (EC) No 1342/2003, (EC) No 2336/2003, (EC) No 951/2006, (EC) No 341/2007 and (EC) No 382/2008 and repealing Commission Regulations (EC) No 2390/98, (EC) No 1345/2005, (EC) No 376/2008 and (EC) No 507/2008 (OJ L-206 30/07/2016) (CELEX 32016R1237)
- Regulation (EU) 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013 establishing a common organisation of the markets in agricultural products and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) 922/72, (EEC) 234/79, (EC) No 1037/2001 and (EC) 1234/2007 (OJ L-347 20/12/2013) (CELEX 32013R1308)
Tűzfegyverekre és hadianyagokra vonatkozó behozatali követelmények
Ez az adatbázis nem foglalkozik kifejezetten a tűzfegyverekkel és a hadianyagokkal.
Latest revision date of the information: 01 January 2025
Firearms and warlike material are not specifically treated in this database.
Általános termékbiztonság
Általános termékbiztonság
Ez magában foglalja az olyan termékekre vonatkozó általános biztonsági, egészségügyi és fogyasztóvédelmi követelményeket, amelyekre az Helpdesk honlapján máshol nem vonatkoznak konkrétabb biztonsági követelmények.
Latest revision date of the information: 01 January 2025
Product Scope
Products intended for distribution, consumption, or use in the EU (placed or made available on the market), regardless of whether they are provided free of charge or for payment, must comply with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (CELEX 32023R0988), which aims to protect consumer health and safety.
The Regulation applies to a greater variety of products that are tangible, non-tangible or of mixed nature, including apps and software products such as those sold via online platforms, as well as new, used, repaired, and reconditioned goods.
Furthermore, specific exemptions have been defined for certain products, including medicines for human and veterinary use, food, and animal feed, among others (Art. 2.2).
General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR) establishes the following common provisions concerning particularly:
- General safety requirement;
- Economic Operators (EO) and providers of online marketplaces obligations;
- Market surveillance;
- Safety Gate.
General Safety Requirement
A safe product is one which under normal or reasonably foreseeable conditions of use, including the actual duration of use, does not present any risk or only the minimum risks compatible with the product’s use, considered acceptable and consistent with a high level of protection of the health and safety of consumers, as mentioned in Chapter II, taking into account the following aspects:
- the characteristics of the product, including its composition, packaging, instructions for assembly and for installation and maintenance;
- the effect on other products, where it is reasonably foreseeable that it will be used with other products;
- the presentation of the product, the labelling, any warnings and safety instructions and information;
- the categories of consumers using the product;
- the product's appearance, especially its food-like or child-friendly features;
- the cybersecurity features and any evolving, learning and predictive functionalities of the product.
Products complying with relevant European Standards published in the Official Journal of the European Union are presumed safe under this regulation. The GPSR establishes the regulatory scheme to determine compliance with the general safety requirement in which the European Standards (CEN) adopted to define the appropriate safety specifications are considered.
A product's safety can be assessed using a range of elements, including national and international standards, voluntary certification schemes, good-practice codes and reasonable consumer expectations.
For each product covered by the regulation, there must be a responsible EO in the EU.
Economic Operators (EO) and providers of online marketplaces obligations
All businesses in the supply chain have obligations related to product safety.
The GPSR specifies obligations on different businesses including:
- Manufacturers;
- Authorised representatives;
- Importers;
- Distributors;
- Providers of online marketplaces.
If a company has more than one role, the obligations are not mutually exclusive.
Specific obligations of each of the parties involved, previously mentioned, can be found in detail in Chapter III and IV.
The GPSR mandates specific obligations for online marketplaces, which are intermediary services using online platforms to facilitate remote sales contracts between consumers and traders.
Market surveillance
Each Member State is responsible to designate one or more market surveillance authorities or any other authority in their territory as the authorities in charge of controlling that the products entering the Union market meet the requirements of the applicable rules and that the affixing and use of the CE marking, where applicable, is correct in accordance with the EU market surveillance framework laid down in Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 (CELEX 32019R1020). Each Member State shall inform the Commission and the other Member States of its market surveillance authorities and the areas of competence of each of those authorities.
Products complying with Regulation (EU) 2023/988 (CELEX 32023R0988) enjoy free circulation within the EU. However, in case a Member State ascertains that a product does not comply with the requirements of the Regulation, the competent authority of the Member State shall forbid its placing on the market, restrict the free movement, or even withdraw the product from the market where other corrective measures have failed.
The Member State shall inform the Commission and the other Member States of any measure adopted, indicating the grounds for its decision.
Nominated authorities in the Member States are in charge of checking that the products meet the applicable safety requirements. Authorities can request information from manufacturers about other products sharing the same production process, components, or batch when a dangerous product is discovered. Member States shall establish penalties for infringements of the regulation that are effective, proportionate, and dissuasive in nature.
Safety Gate
A product identified as dangerous in one EU Member State is considered dangerous throughout the EU.
GPSR requires all businesses to report dangerous products via Safety Gate, which is a tool provided by the European Commission that allows companies to report dangerous products directly to the national authorities in charge of product safety.
Safety Business Gateway National Authorities contact list
NOTE: Regulation (EU) 2024/1459 (CELEX 32024R1459) lays down rules for the implementation of the interoperable interface of the Safety Gate Portal for providers of online marketplaces.
Legislation
Other information sources
- Safety Gate: https://ec.europa.eu/safety-gate/#/screen/home
- Product safety legislation: https://ec.europa.eu/safety-gate/#/screen/pages/productSafetyLegislation
- Harmonised Standards - General product safety: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/single-market/european-standards/harmonised-standards/general-product-safety_en
- Market surveillance for products: https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/single-market/goods/building-blocks/market-surveillance_en
- Consumer Safety Network: https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/expert-groups-register/screen/expert-groups/consult?lang=en&groupID=935
- EU product standards: https://commission.europa.eu/business-economy-euro/doing-business-eu/eu-product-safety-and-labelling/eu-product-requirements_en
- List of national market surveillance authorities by sector: https://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/63134
- EU product safety rules entry into force: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_3190
- Consumer Protection: https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/a281b150-19fd-44f9-bef8-c6018f9c4792_en?filename=factsheet%20GPSR%20final.pdf
- EU's General Product Safety Regulation (GPSR): https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/news/eus-general-product-safety-regulation-gpsr-new-era-consumer-protection
- Questions and Answers about the GPSR: https://ec.europa.eu/safety-gate/#/screen/pages/obligationsForBusinesses